TESTOSTERONE

1. Testosterone

Testosterone is an important sex hormone (androgen), which occurs in both sexes, while the difference in concentration and mode of action in men and women. As with all androgens is the backbone of testosterone from androstane (19 C atoms). The precursor of testosterone, the progestogens (21 carbon atoms), or DHEA. Testosterone is a word that is derived from testis (testicle) and steroid. It was created by Ernst Laqueur, who first isolated from bull testes. In men, testosterone is produced for the most part under the influence of LH (luteinizing hormone) in the Leydigschen interstitial cells in the testes. Although the adrenal cortex forms small amounts of other androgens, but only very little testosterone. In women, the ovaries produce small amounts of the adrenal cortex and Testosterone. In the biosynthesis of the organism is the precursor of cholesterol (precursor), or progesterone as an intermediate for the synthesis of testosterone

2. Testosterone Deficiency

Testosterone production declines naturally with age. Low testosterone, or testosterone deficiency (TD), may result from disease or damage to the hypothalamus, pituitary gland or testicles that inhibits hormone secretion and testosterone production, and is also known as hypogonadism. Depending on age, insufficient testosterone production can lead to abnormalities in muscle and bone development, underdeveloped genitalia and diminished virility.

3. Testosterone and female hormone

Likewise, an overproduction of adrenal cortex in the female sex is a masculinization (posturing, fighting, mating effect). Artificial injection of testosterone in women can lead to masculinization (voice, musculature, facial features, hair) and enlargement of the clitoris, which is more or less depending upon discontinuation regress () on the duration, size of the dose and individual predisposition.

4. Testosterone and male sex hormone

Testosterone is off by enzymes and converted. This results, inter alia, androstenedione, androsterone, and dihydrotestosterone Androstandion, which is more effective than testosterone. Testosterone is the male body responsible for: development of sex organs, formation of the typical male sexual characteristics (hair growth, deep voice, specific fat distribution); male habit, seed formation

5. Testosterone production

One of the main causes for the andropause is the man the slow decline in testosterone production. Testosterone deficiency syndrome summarizes all complaints that may arise from a lack of testosterone. It is in the technical language often abbreviated PADAM. This is the English technical term: partial androgen deficiency in the aging male (partial androgen deficiency) in aging men. Testosterone is the most important androgen (male sex hormones) in men.

6. Testosterone and steroids

Testosterone is a word derived from the testes (testicles) and steroid. In men, testosterone is produced for the most part under the influence of LH (luteinizing hormone) in the Leydigschen interstitial cells in the testes. Although the adrenal cortex forms small amounts of other androgens, but not testosterone. In women, the ovaries produce small amounts of the adrenal cortex, and testosterone. In the biosynthesis of the organism is the precursor of cholesterol (precursor), or progesterone as an intermediate for the synthesis of testosterone.

7. Testosterone role in men

Testosterone is the most important male hormone. It is produced in the testes and is) responsible for the expression of male sexual characteristics (eg, hair growth on face and pubic hair, deepening of the voice, increased muscle mass and muscle size and growth. The hormone also keeps sexual desire, sperm production, muscle and bone mass in men erect. Women also form in the ovaries and adrenal glands low levels of testosterone.

8. Low level Testosterone

Although many factors can cause low testosterone levels, it looks as if an inflated body could play a role. Scientists discovered, for example, in a study published in 2006, the frequency of low testosterone level in more than 2,100 men aged 45 and over analyzed that obese men 2.4 times more likely to lower testosterone levels than did those with healthy Körpergewicht.i also been shown in studies that occur with increasing body mass index (BMI) to a proportional decrease in testosterone levels kann.

9. Testosterone Refrences

1. Mazur, A. & Booth, A. (1998) Testosterone and dominance in men.

2. McDermott, R. (2007) "Testosterone and Aggression in a Simulated Crisis Game

3. Archer, J. (1991) The influence of testosterone on human aggression.

4. The Trouble with Testosterone," by Peter Doskoch, Psychology Today, Dec. 1996.

5. Matsumoto AM, Bremner WJ. Editorial: Serum testosterone assays.

6. Herald DA, Fitzgerald RL. Immunoassays testosterone in women: better than a guess.